Human modernization constitutes the main support of Chinese modernization and is also the starting point and ultimate goal of creating a better life through Chinese modernization. Based on Marx's humanistic thought, systematically sorting out the theoretical origin of human modernization can reveal the intrinsic consistency between this historical process and Chinese modernization in three dimensions: the unity of subject and purpose, the alignment of goal orientation, and the construction of social relations, thereby clarifying the humanistic logic of Chinese modernization. In this sense, humanistic logic is not only the core basis for the notion that human modernization is the main support of Chinese modernization, but also provides a theoretical perspective to criticize the capital logic of modernization in Western capitalism. In other words, humanistic logic fundamentally fills the long-term absence of a human-centered approach in Western modernization and completely dispels the myth that modernization equals westernization. Therefore, on the basis of the practice of humanistic logic, Chinese modernization has achieved a historic leap over Western modernization. Besides, by putting people first and realizing human modernization, Chinese modernization has demonstrated the institutional advantages and confidence in the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.